namibj
Otherwise you're subsidizing oligarchs by cutting investors off from kicking the board the next week if/after it's caught acting against the share holders.
In general, using heavily salted water (not sodium chloride that's quite ineffective) to dehumidify humid cold air during heating and reject heat with a wet interface without having to source potentially scarce water to evaporate, is quite an intriguing alternative to classic fan-laden AC "condenser" coils.
Incidentally, KOH is also interesting as it dehumidifies down to quite low humidity (at least indoor-facing) before it saturates (and precipitates out), and as a side-gig scrubs CO2 that can be precipitated out with CaO/Ca(OH)2 as CaCO3 (limestone).
This can be thermally recovered at around 800~900 C to essentially "boil" the CO2 off.
IMHO a chemically appropriate wet heat exchanger based on (cross flow: easy) or (counter-flow: harer to prevent droplet formation) with just a simple corrugated structured packing should be able to operate more hygienically than a theoretically dry, practically humidity-condensing classic mini-split AC coil. And allow most dust to be washed off fully automatically from normal operation. It'd "just" need a regenerator to dry out excess unwanted humidity, but I'd assume there's a reasonable way to boil off the excess humidity from the "salty water". Maybe the common reverse-osmosis filter materials can resist these chemicals; in that case it'd sound like a question of pressurization energy recovery; or it could be put under vacuum and a small heat pump could transfer the enthalpy of vaporization from the condenser [distilled water plus dissolved gasses, vacuum] (that isn't fully flooded due to presence of dissolved gasses in the feed) to the evaporator [salty water, same vacuum]. If the ratio of dissolved gasses relative to the extracted condensate is small enough, I'd guess a water jet "ejector pump" using that very condensate (after it's cooled down enough to not boil in the ejector) would actually work to provide the vacuum for continuously pumping the dissolved gasses that boil out along the humidity... A small centrifugal pump for that can easily be made completely sealed using magnets to transmit the torque to the impeller and a long life ceramic bearing, at least if there's a long enough pipe down to the pump to build minimum inlet pressure (against cavitation).
Also: For vacuum btw. remember the convenience of using gravity to pull a (nearly) 10m column of water down. Dissolved gasses are likely the dominant complication.
Unless there's a particular good reason to it's actually not too bad of an idea (with a hot water radiator loop in the home at least) to keep a fuel burning radiator loop heater around and just valve it off to not interfere on normal days. Especially if the heat pump is air source (which the mentioned swedish one isn't).
It's not that I'm against full electrification, but peak cold spell heating in excess of the heat pump capacity is among the last things we ought to "electrify by force."
We'd have massive summer overcapacity at the point where we can generally afford to "just do that". And chances are that it'd not be a resistive heater but a heat pump freezing a pool worth of water to cap the cold side temperature at just under 0C, or something the like, just because of how grid intensive the correlated load of those resistive heaters is.
It might even be cheaper to use synthetic fuel produced in summer than to 100% electrify that cold spell heating capacity. Carbon capture is expensive but there are options from e.g. domestic waste incinerators, paper making, and generally waste wood/plant matter decomposition, where hydrogen can cheaply be added to produce methane (pipes) or propane/butane (tanker trucks with liquified gas).
Like, proving that in the absence of hardware faults, some optimizer for JavaScript can never result in arbitrary memory accesses.
Or that some database doesn't violate data semantics under ANY condition.
Or that as long as not too many sensors fail, a plane autopilot will not go and do anything that would lead the plane to exceed safe speeds and forces/accelerations. (Won't just go crash the plane or drop it from the sky in one or more pieces just because some few sensors froze or caught lightning or something.)
The automatic coordination system hit a fail condition; they neglected the fallback protocols that had rules for spacing determined to work reliably without the computer keeping real time supervision; they crashed.
This is in the way more like the Washington D.C. helicopter plane mid-air where some normalization of deviance got people to ignore automated protection systems.
If most involved had known the fallback protocols they would have refused to move/continue while the protocols were utterly neglected. At least with a robust safety culture active, ofc.
But this 3d printed rubber band preloaded journal bearing concept is also intriguing for it's simplicity, even if it's probably more limited in usable range of motion.
They're just usually deployed for frozen warehouses, factories that actively freeze large amounts of (usually food), and AFAIK the occasional ice(hockey) rink.
Shitty types that don't even bother with any decent controls/pumps (those 90% boilers use a water loop circulation pump and a combustion air blower together with a bunch of sensors and valves) run propane-fired in many camper vans to do the fridge. But at the scale of an apartment building fit for 50+ residents, a natural gas fired central heat pump can be _quite_ efficient and economical.
Thermodynamically they're a heat engine with high combustion/flame temperature that uses the warm side as the heat sink, mated to a heat pump that consumes the produced "mechanical/electrical grade" power to pump heat from the cold side to _also_ the warm side. You save the turbine! Also the electrics but they're probably not even that expensive relative to the rest of the 200MW-class combined cycle natural gas power plant.
We're suspecting there to be some symmetry breakage to explain why we don't really see any globs of antimatter with our telescopes (at least none that show any evidence of being antimatter), but so far no (real) luck.
As for the "0.13€ vs. 1€": you're not gonna get much solar yield in peak winter at least in Central Europe, especially it's gonna be that your PV is going to charge <100hour electricity storage when the sun shows up on those winter days and the heat pump (at least the part that spends a little electricity to lift a lot of heat energy from outside temps to indoor temps) runs approximately continuously.
You might have some kind of e.g. water/water heat pump with salted (not table salt though) water deliberately thawing during daytime (by turning on the circulation between it and outside air) to freeze at much warmer than night air temperatures to buffer those "only mildly freezing" temperatures to improve the efficiency (and at that point, likely also the thermal output power) of the heat pump.
The radiators inside and potential fans for them would also go up in flow to make up for the increased losses through the walls/window-glass.
A big reason why at least in e.g. Germany heat pumps are not at all irrelevant vs. electric resistance "space heaters" is that they're also very efficient at handling spring/autumn (lower thermal delta to lift against; referencing to a resistance heater for scale/reference purposes but clearly not expecting that to be a benchmark) while easily offering summer cooling (with relatively minor incremental complexity).
I don't really know how inherently expensive it is to keep around at least for parts of each city, but existing natural gas central heating boilers are very useful to not just trash before they're broken just because one uogrades to a heat pump, specifically because they are already there (sunk cost/little scrap value) and have basically zero issue delivering extremely spiky power during unannounced winter days (well, takes maybe a day of notice to actually get crew in to the storage&distribution facilities, but weather forecasts easily cope).
Sure, it's not _efficient,_ but we could just divert some synthetic methane during summer to refill the caverns: we kinda want that (at least for hydrogen but methane works too at least for storage) anyways for chemical synthesis factories if we're not just gonna feed them crude oil/natural gas, so other than that chemical factories probably/largely prefer direct hydrogen, continuing to use our existing seasonal storage even if it's not getting refilled from NordStream2 but from local summer-only electrolysis plants and with more hydrogen than methane where the geology allows, seems to me just frugal dealings with nature (reduce, Reuse, recycle).
We have beaten it but only for an output that's approximately "green smoothie".
We're already better than just LED grow lights for e.g. lettuce, though, from how I recall the linked paper.
Unsure how you conclude that cold outdoors necessitate more meat though; aside from some micronutrients vegan diet works just fine so reverting back to "meat only on Sundays" 1910 style household dinner menu structures would work fine...
Most people could, for example, do with replacing the caloric intake from half the portion of any non-vegan food they consume, with potato.
If outdoor farming breaks from climate meat will get more expensive...
Vertical solar panels mounted like fence panels between fence posts high enough to not get covered by snowdrifts will produce electricity year-round; and we only need around 3x as much solar farm currently to power sealed grow "basements" than the same plant output would need if just farmed on an open field (assuming climate is matched and weather is average). The benefit of it is just that the panels can be other places (like noise barrier walls next to an urban highway) than the plants and the climate can be freely picked. Also no unlucky correlated dry spell weather events that can cut 100 million people's worth of harvest yield down to half or worse.
Grow houses won't fail collectively as much as farming weather is correlated across a region. Pretty much just need to keep measures around to prevent the plants from freezing just because the electric grid falls over for 3 days in winter.
Then just map the resulting 16 brightness levels according to the contrast ratios/progression they have on your eink. Use phone camera and adjust whole image contrast/brightness/black-intensity sliders holding them side by side until the grayscale matches.
Then just pick pixel RGBs from a gray-bars test image you have opened on the remarkable before you took the picture with your pixel 7 pro. Might not easily be done on the phone but can let a python using AI grab those for you. (If it's wrong it'll be obvious or so harmless it doesn't matter anyways.)
Then you take that rasterized-to-1/4-bpp-djvu apply the color palette you just built yourself, and zoom to 300dpi.
Other than the screen backlight which you've taken care of when you held both devices side-by-side and played with the sliders, there's no substantial difference left. Should be pretty representative. Don't look with too much of a magnifying glass though the phone doesn't have exactly the same dpi so there are resampling artifacts your eyes resolve if you're too close to it.
Think how a reverse polish notation calculator with reasonably limited data stack depth could run efficiently with a plain vanilla transformer.
But if you input classic grade school parenthesized infix with a few levels of operator precedence, you are no longer able to just evaluate the expression during transformer prefill. Even if you add a stack depth bound worth it reasoning tokens between any two input tokens as they're processed.
UTs can, at least if run with encoder (unmasked) attention, resolve the task through technically-flexible iteration count that can and will follow the evaluation order of the infix operator tokens of the input expression.
While masked attention unfortunately limits it's powers, the fundamental benefit of separating task-specific-intelligence (an individual expert of an MoE) from the notion of which transformer layer has it pre-digested just right for that task/processing to be done to it, allows for massive reduction in model parameter count. Note this comes at a penalty of parameter activations (inference will take more compute).
It's just that at some point you can't afford to just train more parameters, without suffering overfitting issues/failures-to-generalize.
The architecture decoupling learned weights from when they're activated also helps with generalization to out-of-distribution structures. Think resilience against yoda-speak and such.
I guess we did manage to eventually seriously crash into the wall "more compute than normal (non-looped/unique-weights) transformers can efficiently consume with the limited training data we have", plus massive focus on highly hands-off agentic tool use reasoning...
https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.07096
Edit: read much of the article, it's brute force predecessor was explicitly called out as an almost-ancient example:
> The looped transformer is nothing new, and the basic idea already appeared in the Universal Transformers paper from 2018
I think the nice b/w no-flicker fade transitions chop the transitioning of all changing pixels into small burst/chunks and interleave/alternate the chunks of white-to-black with the chunks of black-to-white, so it's perceptually simultaneous. Or it's actually pulling off some kind of tri-state driving leaving unchanging pixels alone and pulling those that change to either plus or minus polarity depending on what transition direction they are supposed to go in... Sadly IIRC all quite proprietary-gated :(
What that means for djvu is that at least for text-only content on those readers that manage the 300 dpi "threshold" you'd just rasterize to pure 300dpi black/white (1 bit per pixel) comparable to a 300dpi "don't skimp on toner but don't you dare take half a second longer than you must in order to make the text crisp enough for $reader to have no good reason to whine about it being not crisp enough" laser printer job.
Djvu is particularly for displays with more than about 5bits of grayscale as well as for lossy compression of grayscale/color scans. And maybe also some efficiency gains on 1-bit-per-pixel quantized scans, but those aren't usually the target content for these readers, IMO. Might want to try for them, though!
Since then printers progressively forgot how to cope with such "documents", though IIRC good-old HP "PCL" should only require about a bare minimum of framing/job control to get a modern printer to handle ASCII plain text.
Or these days tell your zoom meeting you'll be right back, muting, and walking over to the water cooler.
Or at home pause the family movie night to get up and refill the water pitcher from the tap (or walk to the pantry and fetch a new "bottled water").
If you're trying you should be able to perceive a difference between when drinking half of this 400ml cup/glass of non-sparkling non-cold (at least nowhere near ice cold) water is something you predict to leave you feeling "more comfy" as soon asyou're "done swallowing" and "have gotten about 2 breaths finished counting from when you have successfully re-assumed your comfy sitting position", vs. "less comfy".
Don't drink the water if you're feeling like you ought to regret it if going by hour-scale average comfy-ness.
To tune your perception make sure to give yourself enough headspace to allow the feeling pre-drinking to temporarily burn into memory ready for later retrieval when you'll reflect back on your hydration actions of the past 2~5 hours. Then you either drink or not drink (usually you'll soft-force by picking whether to go up and fetch a full cup or do nothing (I.e., just keep doing whatever you're engrossed in right then) until next time you remember the idea of hydrating). A few hours later when you remember you burned that feeling into same-day-only/wipe-at-sleep memory you recall what you did/didn't do about hydrating. And now you have the ground truth about if you feel better or worse hydrated than those hours ago.
And you burn in that you either "should go drink some water when you spare a thought about it and feel like this again" or "should refrain from gulping down [more] water when you're considering whether to and you feel like that".
Note that you're not putting your feeling into words for this! You're just focusing "on the moment" for a bit, long enough to make it a moment you'll remember (lack of specialty will make you forget it by the next morning or at least within a few days if nothing special happens). Because you literally don't _know_ how to express it into words: that's literally what you're learning with this entire process.
Note that drinking the water when you feel low key thirsty but don't get (nearly as much) hydration-feel-good out of it by the 30~60 minute mark (depending on how much you just stuffed your gut with food that's kinda in the way of the hydration getting absorbed) as you thought you should have, then you may be suffering from some acute lack of salt/electrolytes.
If it feels bad, like hangover/heartburn and/or substantial headache, take a pile of salt that looks about a third of an inch cubed (60% of a cubed centimeter volume) (technically this is "1/8th US Teaspoon (tsp)"), lick-pour it from your palm onto your tongue or pour the spoon you have it on onto your tongue or whatever, followed by washing it off your tongue and into your belly with about 300~500 ml (10~17 US fl oz) of water ideally not colder than half way between fridge and room temperature (closer to room temperature should help!). Unless you stuffed yourself with more than about 5 bites of food in the past hour, you should feel much relieved after 20~40 minutes. It will take time, usually more than 15 minutes!
In less severe cases you may try to mix a stick/pouch of hydration/"oral rehydration solution" mix with the ideally about 200~250ml (6.8~8.5 fl oz) but make sure to mix to the concentration the instructions tell you (drink only about that much if the pouch had powder for 350 ml (12 fl oz) or more, and drink the reminder an hour later (if less than that; else portion it hourly into this much each; for many hours duration put it in the fridge)). Otherwise you basically do as for plain water hydration perception training detailed above. Learn if that feeling is an acute electrolyte deficiency dehydration. Because beyond the very initial instant satisfaction of the water running down your throat and coating your mouth you pretty much only make it worse from drinking salt-free water :D
Or perhaps literally just grinding (or otherwise prepping/cleaning by however is suitable given the presence of these roots) the fractured asphalt to improve bonding, and following with a good layer of fresh asphalt over top thick enough to keep the roots deep/the pavement surface resilient against the next decade of the root's growth? Ofc. including start&end ramps to not make an excessive speed bump.
If it's thick enough future crack fixing should probably only require a prius-parking-spot-sized heat lamp/"grill" placed over the cracked asphalt until it's soft throughout the full depth of the cracks, and then run a compactor/stomper over it to smash the malleable asphalt smooth. If needed that's the perfect time to spread a wheelbarrow of fresh hot asphalt in the heated cracks to restore decent coverage thickness over top of the roots. Maybe first grind it down an inch or two to get rid of the weathered topmost bit, but otherwise asphalt is pretty much unlimited recycling suitable, or at least we haven't yet really run out of demand for fresh asphalt to get rid of the used asphalt we're digging up by cleaning it a bit before mixing with new ingredients to dial in target softening temperatures and gravel composition...
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2024.09.011
And note that by exploiting winter time solar yield and the grow houses with such technology not using sunlight directly and thus allowing easy and efficient thermal insulation, production could run year-round just with the amount of grow houses "online" varying with the average solar yield. Also gives convenient off-times (if they rotate which building runs through the winter) for maintenance.
And eating less meat or at least feeding the meat animals efficiently produced (but not as "tasty/varied/textured") plant/algae(/possibly-microbiological with bacteria or yeast) feed instead of things like Alfalfa that are very resource intensive to farm, would also help a lot with these issues.
Probably we should get back to doing grain bunkers as strategic reserves, though, lasting long enough to realize the problem, slaughter 80% of livestock, and plant low-failure-risk human suitable food crops on farmland that previously had feed crops for those no longer living 80% and land that had things like corn dedicated for ethanol that's then added to gasoline. Ideally ofc. we'd not need to cull as much life stock and could instead just slightly reduce new breeding and switch those corn fields to human food.
Speakers don't; a "good" speaker setup with eyes closed and no wind/perceptible airflow and no smell and truthful thermal radiation surroundings is effectively indistinguishable from the real place.
Like, literally.
It's not _possible_ with earphones because you can't not feel their presence without being numb on a good bit of your head.
If you don't have anything to pyrolyse, use a sodium or potassium hydroxide wet scrubber to extract it from ambient air and recover it from the solution with burnt lime; it preferentially bonds to the carbonate, becomes nearly insoluble; you take the lime stone powder, heat it with a high temperature blow dryer until the carbon dioxide cooks out (you can use pure carbon dioxide atmosphere for that! Just let out excess buildup of CO2 pressure to your output cooler/storage.), have regenerated the burnt lime, take the resulting CO2 and hydrogen to perform water gas shift to turn the mix into CO and H2O, condense out the H2O, then use the CO + H2 mix for your Fischer-Tropsch synthesis.
You can use incineration facilities to tap off concentrated CO2 and mine landfills until they are empty to keep the incinerators fed to get the CO2 possibly-cheaper than from the direct air capture units.
Start by using more solar cell glass laminate for exterior surfaces of new construction and as roofs over whatever parking lots you do want to keep around longer-term.
Synthetic non-fossil fuel is going to need plenty of electricity and probably much of that "just" to electrolyze water into hydrogen which is reasonable for seasonal energy "storage" (run them during the high-solar 25~50% of the year, use underground caverns (former natural gas wells) or liquify it to store for the winter, run the synthesis plant that consumes it year-round. Don't just burn the hydrogen in power plants, though you can keep existing fossil fuel plants around for a while to run them during the worst week or two of an average winter. But expect the power to be as expensive as each kWh you get today from a small gasoline generator fueled with fully-taxed highway gasoline...
That said, in theory at the level you're asking for it'd be acceptable to run the system as a single frequency network by using the AP locations as remote radio heads and just not telling the handhelds that there are multiple APs in listening range.
I'd probably aim for using the wifi support mechanisms to dynamically fake nearby APs as "mimo antennas" from the POV of the handheld, but not doing so would also suffice, just transmitting from the one AP that's nearest to the specific handheld/client would already basically do the trick and could probably run with hacked firmware on commodity AP hardware basically turning the entire setup into a soft-MAC with that very software juggling the army of radios.
The setup btw. would not have the clients aware they're dealing with more than one radio on the other side.
You could be forced to ask/ping the client from multiple APs one after another if you've not heard from it in a while and it moved, but otherwise, you just rely on hearing it from multiple APs and tracking it so you don't have to make APs across the facility speak up and risk interrupting other clients that try to get a word in.
Oh, and ban by building ordinance usage of any other Wi-Fi on the channel your doing this on, or that's gonna eventually get you problems with congestion.