It wants workers educated by the State, who travel on infrastructure maintained by the State, who have healthcare provided by the State, security provided by the State, yadda yadda yadda. All the advantages, but none of the costs.
Now, all that said, I don't think subsidiaries should be able to use licensing agreements and other loopholes to move revenue to eliminate profit and reduce corporate tax. To me the solution is just to disallow any movement money related to intangibles (payments or license fees) unless the exchange is a bona fide transaction between unrelated parties. These subsidiaries in different jurisdictions are all entities owned by the same holding co's. It's like selling your brother a house for $1 (or more like the use of your last name for $1 Billion).
If you have employees in a country, then you necessarily will pay income tax in that country.
Not really, if it's a regional talent center; Google needs physical locations where it wants to spend money by hiring people more than it needs them where it makes money, since it's moneymaking operations are not high-tech in-person interactions.