>Presumably you'd be okay (logically) taxing schools and businesses that have too many whites.

No, I think this is a slight misinterpretation. I personally don't support quotas. On the other hand, I might be in favor of a credit to schools that give a bonus to minority students who apply, but I think that that's a more palatable result in general.

Note that under that equation, you're no longer enforcing equality of outcome, but instead controlling for unequal opportunity.