I'm still having a hard time believing that a single person created 100 million in value for Google for a product that isn't currently being sold. It seems more like a result of a price war for self driving car talent as companies are scrambling to try and take the whole self driving car market before anyone else
And since this person went off, started their own company, and sold it a couple years later for $1 Billion, it seems whoever was offering that paycheck was right to do so.
With 80 billion in revenue and ~75K employees according to a google search, that means that there's an expectation that an average hire will drive $1 million in revenue per year. To be paid 120M/year you'd need to drive significantly more than that, but to be paid 20M/year, that's now someone who is 50x the average employee, not 200x the average employee, and that's reasonable. I think we all know an engineer or two who is extraordinary.
when you're earning $1 it's not hard to double your money when you're earning $1 billion it's hard to double your money but when you're earning $1 billion it's a lot easier to earn an extra million or two.
It's very easy to underestimate how small changes can add up at scale. Like another commenter said, Google makes about $80B in revenue. It's not hard to make a change to UI or ranking that impacts conversion rates by 0.125%. One of the changes I did for a later project would've lost a billion dollars for Google had it not been caught by A/B testing. Heck, a non-visible change I made (moving the results above the ads in DOM order, without changing styling, so that blind people didn't need to sit through ads before getting their results) was blamed for $50M in lost revenue before we ran an experiment and confirmed there was no effect. Marissa Mayer had done the exact same experiment 8ish years before and measured a $50M loss; the difference was that everyone was on dialup in 2002 but broadband in 2010, and so what was an unacceptable latency penalty that caused everyone to not click on ads had become an unnoticeable change.
[1] http://searchengineland.com/google-wonder-wheel-17093