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Re:Japanese company develops a solar cell with record-breaki... by marcosdumay on Thursday March 23, 2017 @10:32AM (#13940039)
Those ultimate efficiencies come from thermodynamics[1], since both the Sun light and Earth heat are thermal.

Both are rounded.

1 - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnot_cycle

Re:Japanese company develops a solar cell with record-breaki... by Symmetry on Thursday March 23, 2017 @10:51AM (#13940201)
And yet, you can take a solar cell out to Pluto where the mean temperature is 40K rather than 300K and theoretically get far higher efficiency than 95%. So 95% isn't really a fundamental limit.
Re:Japanese company develops a solar cell with record-breaki... by marcosdumay on Thursday March 23, 2017 @11:20AM (#13940491)
Yep, I'm assuming the solar cells are on Earth. Seemed like a good assumption to make.

If you just send them into space with good enough radiators, you'll be able to get 3 9's of efficiency (mid way to 4). But you don't get to reuse the heat waste.

You may be interested on that:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrioshka_brain