http://blog.cryptographyengineering.com/2016/06/what-is-diff...
"Starting with iOS 10, Apple is using Differential Privacy technology to help discover the usage patterns of a large number of users without compromising individual privacy."
To paraphrase, Apple has been collecting telemetry all along and is announcing that they're starting to a new proprietary algorithm to obfuscate it a bit.
Their privacy page seems to agree with my interpretation:
https://www.apple.com/legal/privacy/en-ww/
Though since iOS is closed source - we can't know for certain.
Possible discussion from 2011, cannot open the page:
https://discussions.apple.com/thread/3200399?start=0&tstart=...
Links from the past:
http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/technology/2010/06/apple-loc...
http://lifehacker.com/5864518/is-my-phone-spying-on-me-and-w...
http://www.reuters.com/article/us-apple-lawsuit-idUSTRE6BR1Y...
https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2010/03/iphone-developer-progr...
http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/how-the-nsa-spies-...
https://www.aclu.org/cell-phone-location-tracking-request-re...
http://www.pcworld.com/article/2986988/privacy/the-price-of-...