mirekrusin
it's local first, agent-friendly tooling; you have single cli to access it (mcp is there as well if that's your thing)
everything is persisted in simple local text files that you can actually read (or sqlite database if you don't care / have more data)
ie there is no integration, k8s-style nonsense etc, you can just use it on project or on your system user level and know exactly what's there, you have control over it, you can delete it, move it, extract parts you find useful and move on etc
because it has first class support for uncertainty
evidence is first class concern
supports evolution of belief (statements can be revised, retracted etc. without destroying history)
knowledge is executable (rules, actions, automations – all operate on the same claim model)
it works well for knowledge that keeps changing (including support for querying knowledge as of some past time)
it's great for llm sessions, ie. simple things like comment on a claim being part of a claim itself, which means it appears when working with knowledge, which allows to support weird/human/natural-language aspects that are not directly part of the model
...
rdf/owl/sparql is great for large, public, structured datasets (ie. medical, scientific or some regulatory, standardized ontologies)
cave is great for evolving knowledge, ie. in most cases i use it by just dropping it in and forgetting about it – i don't care how/what llm will model, i just care it'll solve some problems faster when aiding itself with it as a tool; if i want some structured dataset out of it i may occasionally ask it to model it around homogeneous schema i can extract, but in most cases i really don't care
Post training directly evolves existing model weights using the same optimization process that created them.
Software: source code -> compiler -> binary
Models: weights + training data + optimizer -> updated weights
Ie. binary is output of the development process.
Model weights are both – it's output and it's direct input for further development.
Model weight snapshots are continuously used all the time in this iterative process from the very beginning, being output of current step and input to the next step.
For example there are more than 100k modified weights on hugging face.
Once government clear it, it'll become available.
Same delay process will happen to new frontier models from other US labs.
Kimi K3.1 Pro: −9
DeepSeek V4.1 Flash 1017: −13
GLM-5.3: −13
MiMo-V2.6-Pro: −16
Proprietary models
GPT-6 Astra: +4
GPT-6.1 Sol: +3
GPT-6.1 Terra: +3
Claude Opus 5.5: 0
Claude Sonnet 5.5: −2
Claude Fable 5.1: −3
Gemini 4 Argon (high): −3
Muse Wonder Full: −6
Claude Haiku 5.5: −7
Muse Wonder: −9
Gemini 3.8 Flash (high): −10
Grok 4.7 (high): −11
Is there affiliation with OpenAI or coincidence?
AMD is missing, true but commitment schedule isn't known. Also missing estimated additional TPU purchase for 28-31, ~$125B-$150B.
- 2026: $97.08B = Broadcom $26.87B + SpaceX $30.13B + Google $14.31B + Amazon $10B + Microsoft $5.61B + Nscale $5.58B + Lambda $4.59B
- 2027: $97.08B + AMD (TBD) = Broadcom $26.87B + SpaceX $30.13B + Google $14.31B + Amazon $10B + Microsoft $5.61B + Nscale $5.58B + Lambda $4.59B + AMD (TBD)
- 2028: $128.33–134.58B + AMD (TBD) = Broadcom $26.87B + SpaceX $30.13B + Google $14.31B + Amazon $10B + Microsoft $5.61B + Nscale $5.58B + Lambda $4.59B + additional TPUs $31.25–37.50B + AMD (TBD)
- 2029: $128.33–134.58B + AMD (TBD) = Broadcom $26.87B + SpaceX $30.13B + Google $14.31B + Amazon $10B + Microsoft $5.61B + Nscale $5.58B + Lambda $4.59B + additional TPUs $31.25–37.50B + AMD (TBD)
- 2030: $98.21–104.46B + AMD (TBD) = Broadcom $26.87B + Google $14.31B + Amazon $10B + Microsoft $5.61B + Nscale $5.58B + Lambda $4.59B + additional TPUs $31.25–37.50B + AMD (TBD)
- 2031: $98.21–104.46B + AMD (TBD) = Broadcom $26.87B + Google $14.31B + Amazon $10B + Microsoft $5.61B + Nscale $5.58B + Lambda $4.59B + additional TPUs $31.25–37.50B + AMD (TBD)
- 2032: $40.09B = Google $14.31B + Amazon $10B + Microsoft $5.61B + Nscale $5.58B + Lambda $4.59B
- 2033: $40.09B = Google $14.31B + Amazon $10B + Microsoft $5.61B + Nscale $5.58B + Lambda $4.59B
- 2034: $14.59B = Amazon $10B + Lambda $4.59B
- 2035: $10.00B = Amazon $10B
- 2036: $10.00B = Amazon $10B
Combined total: $782–807B+, including estimated additional TPU purchases and conditional AMD spending.
2. it wouldn't happen so who cares?
3. no, but models will be better, it'll be cheaper to do
It's not a snark. The scale of VC philanthropy is unprecedented and it fuels itself. All of it will eventually, one way or another, become open. Long story short – there is nothing to complain about.
- 2026: $97.08B
- 2027: $97.08B
- 2028: $97.08B
- 2029: $97.08B
- 2030: $66.96B
- 2031: $66.96B
- 2032: $40.09B
- 2033: $40.09B
- 2034: $14.59B
- 2035: $10.00B
- 2036: $10.00B
Total: $637.0B
Considering everything that is cancellable, ie. hard commitment only, it's:
- 2026: $56.79B
- 2027: $56.79B
- 2028: $56.79B
- 2029: $56.79B
- 2030: $56.79B
- 2031: $56.79B
- 2032: $29.93B
- 2033: $29.93B
- 2034: $10.00B
- 2035: $10.00B
- 2036: $10.00B
Total: $431B
If they go bankrupt, there are some more cancellations available, also from the other side – if some providers don't deliver, it can be lower as well.
They're not post training it to lose capabilities/censor them – they just don't spend training time on this topic, which sounds like a great idea.
It doesn't mean model can't do it, it just means it's less good at it; -10% on benchmark feels like a great result and overall approach to pace it.
I don't think in general people care about long list of models, they just care about the best one.
Also dual gpu is common setup, there should be ie. 2x 4090.