I said, or was trying to say that DPE and tracing have bad warmup.

    Tracing JITs like LuaJIT and PyPY as fast to warm up compared to method JITs and PEs.

I have heard the opposite about PyPy, which is meta-tracing.

I'm a bit uncomfortable with saying "I have heard ..." As far as I'm aware there is no actual published research on this question. But there will soon be, so I would like to withdraw from this debate until I have read that research.