I think there are possible technical solutions if there was a will to adopt them. The main problem is authenticating with the network, if unauthenticated wireless networks were generally available then it would likely make tracking harder.
I think even if you are paying for network access then there could be technical solutions to the problem. Perhaps authentication tokens which were purchased but not linked to a user.
I guess fundamentally, breaking apart network access authentication and user identification/authentication would be good.
But I agree, I doubt people are motivated enough to seek out a solution.
I totally agree with separating authentication from authorization; we need to do that anywhere it is possible, not just for mobile devices. Unfortunately, the trend has been in the reverse direction. :/
You'd still need to authenticate with a VOIP provider. But by breaking out these services I would guess it would make tracking much harder.
Building a map of where your license plate has been is bad enough. The map of which {micro,pico,femto}cell you phone has been near will contain far more detailed travel information. It didn't even require any clever hacks or software vulnerabilities; COTRAVELER only required writing a few INNER JOIN / WHERE clauses. It doesn't even use any private information: it only needs the metadata.
Unfortunately, I expect that the conclusion - that it is probably a bad idea in the long run for everybody to be carrying a radio transponder in their pocket - is going to be ignore (or actively avoided). Cognitive dissonance can be a powerful motivator, and these properties - necessarily common to all mobile communication devices are very dissonant with the common socially-acceptable addiction to social media and "being available" that keeps everybody tied to cell phone.
[1] http://www.washingtonpost.com/apps/g/page/world/how-the-nsa-...