If FP community would advocate big math curriculum for programmers with category theory at the top, hype would die fast.
And hell, you can be absolutely certain that I'd advocate a big math curriculum for programmers with category theory at the top. I don't know that the ROI is there for everyone, but I couldn't not recommend such a thing heartily.
Learn abstract algebra, as a programmer? Of COURSE that will help you.
Here's my heuristic for whether a problem makes a good example: whether or not it's the best tool for the job, would you write a program to solve it in C or Java or Go? If not, I'm skeptical it's solving a problem that exists outside the functional programming universe.
There are plenty of techniques that solve problems that only make sense within the particular ecosystem where you find them; lots of Java tools are like that, for example.