Just about any kind of software development can be done remotely, really. It's really a function of the skills possessed by everyone involved in a distributed team vs the obstacles distribution may or may not present (and there's different degrees of remoteness -- same city, same time zone, same country, same hemisphere all present different challenges)
> specially to maintain the relationship links between investors and engineers via a CEO. Those jobs need to be in New York or San Francisco.
Unless the CEO doesn't (or your customers don't) live in SF and NY.
I suppose the next line is "well, the investors aren't going to want to visit flyover country." It turns out -- strangely enough -- there are even investors who don't live in SF and NY, though sometimes they strangely don't all want to invest in a slick social deals pyramid or revenue-free chat app or whatever else is hot at the moment...
You can't argue with returns, and "slick" VC returns trump Smallville's every day of the week.
How'd Groupon's investors make out on their returns?
There are plenty of VC funded startups which aren't in SF or NY, and they will have slower burn rates than those who are in SF and NY, simply due to the cost of living.
I agree that it's probably a network effect rather than anything fundamental about SF/NY. But really, so what? Yes, if all the startups were in Cleveland then it would be smart to go to Cleveland. But they're not.