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Re:Tough Times on the Road to StarCraft by Retric on Saturday January 24, 2015 @02:11PM (#8940580)
At 933 MHz light can make a round trip of Google: "1 / (966* 1 million) / 2 * speed of light * 1 second in inches" = 6.109 inches. The physical path from a CPU to the furthest part of ram on a desktop PC is about 2-3 times that so by the laws of physics your going to need to wait more than 2 cycle before you even consider that electricity is ~1/2 the speed of light.

So, ~1/2 of your total latency (~5 or 6 of 10 cycles) is just waiting electricity to travel down wires.

Anyway, my point is when physics puts hard limits in place cost / benefit trade-offs tend to be centered around that limit. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amdahl%27s_law

Note: This is purely a discussion about latency which is what matters for Linked List access. You can send a lot of data as part of a single request cycle, but that adds to your effective latency.

Re:Tough Times on the Road to StarCraft by jjoonathan on Sunday January 25, 2015 @10:57PM (#8945468)
> The physical path from a CPU to the furthest part of ram on a desktop PC is [1-1.5ft]

That doesn't seem right.

http://www.bhphotovideo.com/bnh/controller/home?O=&sku=10887...

Looks like it might be 1ns away at .5c, which is 10% of the minimum latency and 3% of maximum (excluding refresh) latency -- and those are latencies I took off a top-of-the-line gaming RAM (my own computer is 11-11-11). It also looks like the RAM could trivially be moved closer if there were an advantage to doing so (e.g. square, stacked layout).

My point is not that the limits aren't physical, it's that the limiting physical factors are currently in silicon designs, not FR4 layouts.

Re:Tough Times on the Road to StarCraft by Retric on Monday January 26, 2015 @10:27AM (#8947453)
First latency is a round trip, so you need to think .25c not .5c. Second, reaching the DIMM is not enough you need to reach the worst case furthest bit on that DIMM.

At .25c 1ns = Less than 3 inches. A single DDR3 DIMM is ~6 inches wide and ~1 inch tall so that's not long enough to cover a single DIMM.

Look at that picture again, including clips and those dimm slots are 7 inches wide. The top edge of a DIMM is 1 inch over the MB. And the furthest dimm is ~2 inches further from the CPU. The trace from the CPU's on board memory controller to the MB is ~1 inch. And the CPU is ~ 2 inches from the DIMMS.

EDIT: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DDR3_SDRAM#mediaviewer/File:4GB... The DIMMs are not strait paths so that can easily be another inch.

Looks close to 1 foot to me which at .25c that's ~4ns. Or 40% of the minimum latency.

As to layout, that stuff is much harder than you might think as the wires can't go over each other.