"TLC’s medallions held by fleet owners, who collect rent of up to $132 a shift from drivers"[1]
NYC cabs run on 2 12-hour shifts a day. This works out to ~$13/hr to pay for the medallion itself. This isn't nothing, but ultimately the cost of the car, gas, insurance, etc, are still the dominant factors in operating a cab.
So yeah, theoretically without the medallion cost Ubers can be cheaper than a regular taxi, but probably not by all that much.
[1] http://www.thenewyorkworld.com/2014/01/20/taxi-medallions/
The medallions are a perfect commodity and there's very little risk, and there are banks that specialize in loans for tax medallions, so the interest rates you can get for them is extremely low. Historically you'll very probably make more back on it than you ever paid for it.
http://www.medallionfinancial.com/news_release_14-11-03.htm
The historical average appreciation rate of medallions is 14%:
http://www.aei.org/publication/chart-of-the-day-nyc-taxi-med...
The differential between the loan rates and appreciation yields may be about as much as you make using it to actually drive the taxi:
http://blogs.reuters.com/felix-salmon/2011/10/21/why-taxi-me...
Uber is trying to maximize their revenue
Those are just a few reasons why they would maximize revenue pre-VC money.
It's why I find it hard to helieve they can out-compete in cities where there's already an open market (medallions seem to be a weird US thing?)
Neither Travis Kalanick or any current senior execs sold any stock in the current round.
Uber will either be the biggest boom or bust story there's been in quite some time. This will be fun to watch.