The Android Spinner is an example: http://developer.android.com/design/building-blocks/spinners...
There is no alternative in iOS, but if you don't use it in your Android app you are missing out, because people on that platform expect it and know it.
What about Back buttons in iOS? You don't need them in Android. If you are developing a cross-platform UI without using these elements, you are probably compromising the UX of your app.
I am very interested in how those problems are solved. Will try and play around with it.
Say, for an app like Timely [1] which I'm a fan of, I would think the data models for timers and alarms are trivial, and the code for all the subtle animations is where all the meat is.
[1] https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=ch.bitspin.tim...