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Re:Heartleech: Automated OpenSSL private key extraction tool... by danielweber on Tuesday April 15, 2014 @09:18AM (#7591597)
This should be a useful tool on its own, but I wrote it primarily because the pattern-matching rules for Snort are inadequate. IDS vendors won't fix their stuff until I can prove they are inadequate.

Ugh. In the old days the mantra of full-disclosure was "well, if we don't make exploit tools, then the vendors won't issue patches." And then it became "well, if we don't make exploit tools, then the sysadmins won't patch." Apparently the bar has sunk so low that people personally pushing out Snort rules on snort-users aren't actually catching all instances of the bug is the justification for releasing tools to steal private keys.

In reality, lots of people in the security community just like seeing chaos in the world, because it makes for even more news headlines and in their mind this increases the status of the security community. Then it's time for the post hoc justifications for their behavior.

Re:Heartleech: Automated OpenSSL private key extraction tool... by djcapelis on Tuesday April 15, 2014 @12:28PM (#7592743)
Everytime someone writes a tool to show what is possible in public, there's some jerk giving them a hard time about it. Don't be that jerk. The function of the security community is to help people realize when they're not safe. No one likes having their bubble burst, but it's important that it get burst or people don't fix the problems. We've seen this over, and over, and over. Find a good way to improve security that is nicer for everyone involved and actually works and a lot of people in the community will listen and will legitimately care, promise.
Re:Heartleech: Automated OpenSSL private key extraction tool... by larrys on Tuesday April 15, 2014 @03:19PM (#7593765)
"The function of the security community is to help people realize"

You say that because you are not on the other end of this and don't suffer any of the consequences as a result of the actions of people who create some of these things which make it for sure easier for more people to exploit systems.

Please don't take this as an attack but your perspective is based upon your job [1] and your apparent lack of exposure to how people have to scramble and are actually impacted by certain types of disclosures. I mean the end users of the technology. Who in no way are in a position to get the vendors to do anything or make things more secure, in general.

This is for sure different from vendors and developers needing to write secure code and not make mistakes.

So have a bit of empathy. Not appropriate to call parent commenter, imo, a "jerk".

[1] "I'm a hacker in the computer science department at the University of California"

Re:Heartleech: Automated OpenSSL private key extraction tool... by moyix on Tuesday April 15, 2014 @03:41PM (#7593872)
I'd like to offer a different perspective. You're free to dismiss me as well because I currently have a similar job description to 'djcapelis, but I've also been a sysadmin and front-line IT security guy (watching IDSes, patching systems), so I have a pretty good idea what the commoditization of exploit code means.

I think that things like metasploit and heartleech are an almost purely unalloyed good. In my experience, the "bad guys" already have easy-to-use tools. What publicly available tools do is give defenders access to these techniques, which they can use to demonstrate that problems really are a Big Deal. There is a certain kind of person (who seem to gravitate towards management) that cannot be convinced to take an issue seriously unless they can see the impact with their own eyes. A tool that prints out the private key of their production server is worth a dozen blog posts and security advisories as far as convincing them the danger is real.

Re:Heartleech: Automated OpenSSL private key extraction tool... by robertgraham on Tuesday April 15, 2014 @04:01PM (#7593958)
Yup.

Getting a private key using the extent simple scrypts is quite complicated, with lots of difficult steps. This is no barrier to teenage kids, who has lots of time on their hands that can play around until they get things right.

As a defender, however, you don't have that much time. For you, it's really easy. If you have a server, and want to know if the private key is visible, just download the Windows heartleech binary from github, run it against a server, walk away for 10 hours, and then come back to see if it's gotten the key.

In short, as you say, a tool that effortlessly prints the private key of a production server is worth a bazillion blogposts and security advisories. Code or GTFO, IMO :)

Re:Heartleech: Automated OpenSSL private key extraction tool... by lotyrin on Tuesday April 15, 2014 @04:49PM (#7594178)
Exactly, how many people didn't really care about unencrypted requests over public WiFi networks until everyone and their grandson could install Firesheep? Tools to make that attack had been available forever, but only after Firesheep did many people finally accept that basically any authenticated request should be done over a secure channel.

For a huge majority of folks, some unfortunately in the position of making decisions and policy surrounding security, the attack just isn't real until there's a nicely usable and widely available tool.

Re:Heartleech: Automated OpenSSL private key extraction tool... by djcapelis on Tuesday April 15, 2014 @11:01PM (#7595834)
You're making bad assumptions and your logic doesn't hold water. I have very much worked on teams responsible for protecting computers from breaking zero days. Most memorable for me was probably when the Debian SSH key generation bug was released. I was there that morning, writing a scanner to find all the vulnerable machines my team was responsible for (and actually racing against the scanner a colleague on my former team who had responsibility for the whole org's security was writing) and trying to get them patched as quick as possible. (Most of ours were found and patched by the time my former team put up their version of the list out, and another bunch had been patched before their scan even got to them, so we did a good job that day.) What I'm trying to say is, I know exactly what it's like. That operational experience informs my work today even though I don't have a large operational role for many machines these days. (I'm only responsible for about 40-60 machines now.)

That all aside, the job of the security community is not to make your life or my life easier. And neither you or the person I was replying to gets to be angry at someone for exposing a problem because it inconveniences you or your colleagues.

The only thing that will do you any good is to fix your shit.

Pretending that it is someone else's fault that you have to scramble to fix your shit is not okay. I think my comment was phrased bluntly, but was both truthful and appropriate. I understand the emotions that cause it, but no one who blames others for their own problems has much high ground to stand on when it comes to empathy.

Re:Heartleech: Automated OpenSSL private key extraction tool... by vezzy-fnord on Tuesday April 15, 2014 @03:27PM (#7593809)
I mean the end users of the technology. Who in no way are in a position to get the vendors to do anything or make things more secure, in general.

Writing offensive security tools is bound to get the attention of the vendors, to cause a storm that will get attention from the vendors.

What you're advocating amounts to shooting the messenger. How dare some person write software that disrupts your falsely ingrained peace of mind.

The fact of the matter is, vendors have been notorious throughout the ages for not listening to the security community. So many easily preventable mistakes have led to so many breaches.

Well, it's time to get people to listen. What better way to do that then demonstrate, first-hand, the gravity of their errors?

Re:Heartleech: Automated OpenSSL private key extraction tool... by simias on Tuesday April 15, 2014 @12:35PM (#7592793)
Meh, do you think "the bad guys" waited for this guy to publish his tool to make their own version?

I agree his justification is a bit weak, but in my opinion he doesn't need any justification at all, if you haven't patched your OpenSSL version yet you're no more vulnerable today than you were tomorrow IMO, it's already too late.

It's not like he released a 0-day exploit into the wild.

Re:Heartleech: Automated OpenSSL private key extraction tool... by tsaoutourpants on Tuesday April 15, 2014 @02:57PM (#7593658)
> the bad guys

You mean the NSA?

Re:Heartleech: Automated OpenSSL private key extraction tool... by robertgraham on Tuesday April 15, 2014 @03:54PM (#7593930)
This isn't true.

One of the things I'm famous for is creating "BlackICE" 15 years ago, an intrusion-detection technology that we shipped as a variety of products, such as a personal firewall, gigabit IDS, and inline protection (i.e. intrusion-prevention-system or IPS).

The distinguishing feature of this technology is that we wrote "protocol-decodes" for everything. This made the product faster, able to catch more things, yet producing fewer false-positives. It's a vastly better technique than Snort-style pattern-matching.

Yet, it was an uphill battle convincing the market of this. That's because people are stupid and don't understand how things work well enough to appreciate the difference. All they know is that they download a public exploit, run it, and if the IDS catches it, then the IDS is good.

Today, there are lots of commercial products that do things the right way, with protocol decodes. There is also the open-source "Bro" project which does things the right way. All these products can catch my heartleech tool -- it can't evade tools doing things the right way.

Even Snort often does things the right way, but only when people like me prod them. They are going to add an SSL decode (I predict).

So the upshot is this: I really are about the difference between protocol-analysis and pattern-matching in IDS technology, and as long as people like you aren't smart enough to understand the difference, I'm going to keep releasing exploits to demonstrate it. None of my exploits evade properly written IDS -- only IDS that takes shortcuts.

Re:Heartleech: Automated OpenSSL private key extraction tool... by tptacek on Tuesday April 15, 2014 @04:51PM (#7594196)
I don't think I had a problem with "heartleech" until I read this comment. What exactly does Snort's TLS decoding have to do with extracting private keys from servers? That's not the bug. The bug is OpenSSL leaking memory when it receives a malformed TLS heartbeat. You could have demonstrated that without publishing "find_private_key()".

I think you published this because it was fun to write. "Auto pwn", as you call it, has nothing to do with convincing Snort to do anything.

I don't believe you agree with Daniel Weber's argument at all. Don't dodge it by making things up. Engage with it directly. I wouldn't think it would be that difficult for you to knock down.

Re:Heartleech: Automated OpenSSL private key extraction tool... by robertgraham on Tuesday April 15, 2014 @07:35PM (#7595009)
Because Snort's signatures can't detect 'heartleech'.

But most other IDSs can, such as Bro.

Unless there is a tool that demonstrates this, people won't believe that there is a difference between Snort and Bro, because existing tools don't show a difference.

Re:Heartleech: Automated OpenSSL private key extraction tool... by tptacek on Tuesday April 15, 2014 @07:43PM (#7595047)
You didn't address what I wrote. The demonstration didn't require the extraction of private key material from servers, because that's not the bug. The difference between Bro and Snort has nothing to do with private key material.
Re:Heartleech: Automated OpenSSL private key extraction tool... by robertgraham on Thursday April 17, 2014 @09:39PM (#7607560)
People are good at convincing themselves there is no problem. Vendors are good at convincing people there is no problem. The demonstration has to hit them over the head with the obviousness of the exploit. If the private-key pops up automatically, and a sensor didn't detect it, they have to believe. Otherwise, when the sensor doesn't fire, they'll believe that the exploit is at fault.
Re:Heartleech: Automated OpenSSL private key extraction tool... by vezzy-fnord on Tuesday April 15, 2014 @09:42AM (#7591723)
I, for one, am glad that a good chunk of the security community still has its old Wild West spirit of "anarchy and chaos" that was present back during the early hacker groups of the '80s and '90s. In addition to the existence of tons of highly casual security conventions (compared to the strict cons for programming languages and frameworks), it shows that many have not forgotten their roots, and have not succumbed to becoming a false, dishonest corporate face, just so they can look like ideals that they are not.

By the way, this isn't really related to or damning of the concept of full disclosure in any way. It still remains the most widespread philosophy. The CVE lists would be drastically smaller, if it were otherwise.

Re:Heartleech: Automated OpenSSL private key extraction tool... by _delirium on Tuesday April 15, 2014 @10:02AM (#7591835)
In addition to the existence of tons of highly casual security conventions (compared to the strict cons for programming languages and frameworks)

There are plenty of casual PLs conventions, meetups, hackathons, unconferences, just about any format you want. If anything I think that community is more welcoming and casual than the computer-security convention scene, which has a heavy tilt towards big-money, "rockstar" conferences like DEF CON and Black Hat, full of corporate and government presenters and attendees. There are conferences like that outside of security, like videogames (E3, GDC), but security really takes it to ridiculous levels, even holding the damn things in places like Las Vegas and Abu Dhabi.

What that portion of the security scene's image most reminds me of outside tech is the rockstars they'd like to be: a manufactured pretense of "anarchy and chaos" sold as a business's brand image.

Re:Heartleech: Automated OpenSSL private key extraction tool... by eli on Tuesday April 15, 2014 @09:23AM (#7591627)
I would imagine the motivation is less about money and more about having fun breaking stuff (and bragging rights).

I agree though. Hard to argue that this particular security issue needed any extra attention in order to get it fixed.

Re:Heartleech: Automated OpenSSL private key extraction tool... by makomk on Tuesday April 15, 2014 @09:51AM (#7591774)
It's quite easy to argue that actually. People pointed out that those Snort and other IDS rules were inadequate as soon as they were released, yet it hasn't stopped vendors from claiming they offer protection.
Re:Heartleech: Automated OpenSSL private key extraction tool... by clogston on Tuesday April 15, 2014 @03:33PM (#7593836)
"yet it hasn't stopped vendors from claiming they offer protection"

100% true. The argument Dan and others are trying to make is there are a lot of people caught in the cross-fire who have nothing to do with IDS-vendors claims.

Re:Heartleech: Automated OpenSSL private key extraction tool... by danielweber on Tuesday April 15, 2014 @12:05PM (#7592580)
I totally understand the desire to tweak the IDS vendors. Having spent a lot of time working for vendors in that space, they often need tweaking.

But I don't get the leap from "IDS vendors suck" to "I made a command-line tool so any idiot can suck down private keys from a server." If the idea was to show that the IDS rules sucked, then just release a slightly different version of the previous heartbleed testers that gets around it.

But that's not as much fun.

Re:Heartleech: Automated OpenSSL private key extraction tool... by danielweber on Tuesday April 15, 2014 @09:45AM (#7591743)
One of the biggest root causes of problems in the security industry is that often the only way to make a name for yourself is to cause pain to others. (It's not too hard to convince yourself that those others deserved it.)

If you went back in time two years and fixed the Heartbleed bug, no one would be writing newspaper articles about you.

Re:Heartleech: Automated OpenSSL private key extraction tool... by robertgraham on Tuesday April 15, 2014 @04:02PM (#7593962)
Nobody is writing articles at Neel Mehta, the guy who discovered the bug. They should, he's a god.
Re:Heartleech: Automated OpenSSL private key extraction tool... by nitrogen on Tuesday April 15, 2014 @02:22PM (#7593434)
If you invented time travel people would definitely be writing about it.
Re:Heartleech: Automated OpenSSL private key extraction tool... by vezzy-fnord on Tuesday April 15, 2014 @03:22PM (#7593780)
If you went back in time two years and fixed the Heartbleed bug, no one would be writing newspaper articles about you.

This is hardly something isolated to the security industry. It's human nature. Some person sealing a hole is nowhere near as attention-gathering as a hole leading to a catastrophic flood due to no one realizing that it needs to be sealed.

The potential for something bad to happen doesn't raise anywhere near as much eyebrows as the bad thing actually happening, especially for something as invisible to the average person as a software vulnerability.

Re:Heartleech: Automated OpenSSL private key extraction tool... by Xylakant on Tuesday April 15, 2014 @11:29AM (#7592314)
Granted, this is weapon grade quality. However, most checks for heartbleed out there could be considered weapon grade or at least not far off[1], this one does not add anything a somewhat experienced developer could not have added. This time, the bug is just too clear, too easily exploitable. I appreciate that someone saw the IDS signatures were inadequate and wrote a proof showing that.

[1] hey, they read some bytes of server memory, it's fairly simple to move on from there and read more.

Re:Heartleech: Automated OpenSSL private key extraction tool... by djcapelis on Tuesday April 15, 2014 @02:45PM (#7593592)
> Granted, this is weapon grade quality

No. Stop.

A good security tool that does what it says and means what it says is just a good tool that does what it says and means what it says. There is no "weapons grade" or not "weapons grade" tools. I've seen people pop boxes with netcat and a keyboard. I've seen people fail to pop boxes with the best fucking attack framework you could put in their hands. Nothing is "weapons grade" and code isn't a weapon.

Leave the weapons grade labels to radioactive isotopes where they actually have real meaning.

Calling some types of code weapons grade is a huge bad thing.

Re:Heartleech: Automated OpenSSL private key extraction tool... by dendory on Tuesday April 15, 2014 @11:15AM (#7592235)
In this particular case, the bit about IDS isn't that ground breaking, it's just that the IDS checks for the malformed heartbeat request at the start of a packet, so instead he sends it at the end of a packet, namely appending it to the SSL handshake request. It's not like any hacker ever won't figure it out. I do agree with responsible disclosure for actual security holes, but this isn't it.
Re:Heartleech: Automated OpenSSL private key extraction tool... by deeviant on Tuesday April 15, 2014 @02:23PM (#7593441)
Sunlight truly is the best disinfectant. The fact is, there are already people writing such tools and actively attempting to compromise systems with it. If the attack vectors are not released to public and made a big hub-bub of, sysadmins are likely to either not be aware of the proper countermeasures and/or not be allocated the resources and time to fix the issue.

Ignorance is not bliss, nor is it security.

Re:Heartleech: Automated OpenSSL private key extraction tool... by diminoten on Tuesday April 15, 2014 @03:48PM (#7593903)
This smells of anti-sec nonsense to me.

More information is always, always better, and hiding information and implementation has been proven, over and over again, to not work, and to piss people off.

Re:Heartleech: Automated OpenSSL private key extraction tool... by anizan on Tuesday April 15, 2014 @05:04PM (#7594294)
Illusion of security is worse than being insecure.

I hate seeing a green lock sign next to the url in my browser. I am amazed Snowden didn't leak anything about root CAs.

Re:Heartleech: Automated OpenSSL private key extraction tool... by rdl on Tuesday April 15, 2014 @01:46PM (#7593207)
End users are more likely to pressure their vendors for better security in the future if they suffer more pain today.
Re:Heartleech: Automated OpenSSL private key extraction tool... by clogston on Tuesday April 15, 2014 @03:36PM (#7593852)
"End users are more likely to pressure their vendors for better security in the future if they suffer more pain today."

Your statement is true, but surely there's a better and less damaging way to reach the end goal? e.g., if I run over someone with my car and they're saddled with life-long medical bills, they're more likely to call their Congressman and demand a better healthcare system.