Re:Did English ever have a formal version of “you”?
by mokkol on Tuesday February 11, 2014 @05:07AM
(#7216801)
Interesting! I think Dutch (Mix between french, german and english) is even closer to English. I am not an expert, just thinking out loud.
and a lot more similarities:
And the p to f (I guess also in german)
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Re:Did English ever have a formal version of “you”?
by felxh on Tuesday February 11, 2014 @07:35AM
(#7217273)
Your observations of dutch being closer to English in some way than German, is correct. However, saying that Dutch is mix between German, English and French is quite wrong (disclaimer: I am not Dutch).
English, Dutch and German are all classified as western germanic languages, meaning they probably derived from a single ancestor language some time ago. Note that 'germanic' has nothing to do with German or Germany, a common misconception because the two words are similar in English.
Dutch is often more similar to English because German underwent the so called high german consonant shift (essentially changing t -> s or z, p -> pf and some others I think), in which Dutch and English didn't participate. There are some words that highlight this quite nicely:
english dutch german
appel appel apfel
plough ploeg pflug
better beter besser
toth tand zahn
Re:Did English ever have a formal version of “you”?
by yebyen on Tuesday February 11, 2014 @09:50AM
(#7217833)
I was with you until appel and toth, which don't seem to be English words at all... *apple and tooth
Re:Did English ever have a formal version of “you”?
by felxh on Tuesday February 11, 2014 @01:18PM
(#7219208)
hmm yeah, was too preoccupied with getting the layout right, so some typos crept in :)
Re:Did English ever have a formal version of “you”?
by vidarh on Tuesday February 11, 2014 @05:55AM
(#7216943)
I mentioned the similarly of Dutch in a different reply. You'll actually also find quite a few places where Dutch is more similar to Scandinavian languages than to English as well. Norway has two official languages, for the most part my examples are from Bokmål ("book language") which basically started out as a formalisation of Danish as used in Norway. I've prepended the Norwegian:
tre -> drie -> three (ie and ee got the same pronunciation)
torden -> donder -> thunder
ting -> ding -> ding
derfor -> daarvoor -> therefore
dette -> dit -> this
det -> dat -> that
But, we also have the term "ditt og datt" -> this and that... torsdag -> donderdag -> thursday
far, but also the informal/slang "fatter" and the old-fashioned "fader" -> vader -> father
mor, and the older/slang form "moder" (mødre, transliterated "moedre" is the plural form of
both versions) -> moeder -> mother
and a lot more similarities: skole -> school -> school
uke in bokmål, but "veke" in Nynorsk (based on spoken Norwegian dialects) -> week -> week
weekend (though that is a modern import from English) -> weekend -> weekend
måned (maaned) -> maand -> month
fredag -> vrijdag -> friday
mandag -> maandag -> monday
ut -> uit -> out
god -> goed -> good
for -> voor -> for
du -> je -> you
min -> mij -> my (pronounced the same)
vi -> wij -> we
auto -> auto -> auto
vogn -> wagen -> wagen
bil (we got our word from the end of automobil;
English got its from old French, I assume that's where yours come from too) -> kar -> car
And the p to f (I guess also in german)
søvn / sove (but we also have "slappe av" -> relax, rest) -> slaap -> sleep
skip -> schip -> ship