I have seen it happen one time that I can remember, where I was sure it was the CPU. We had 8 dual socket 5400-era Xeon servers in a VMware cluster. Whenever 64bit Windows 2008+ virtual machines were started on or were vmotioned to one of the hosts, they would bluescreen. We did not experience this behavior at all, then one day we did. I replaced both CPUs and the problem disappeared. I have to assume it was one of the CPUs.

It's entirely possible that they overheated, but if they did it was due to poor cooling; we did not overvolt or overclock these machines.