For the Adobe breach specifically, you might try the site set up by Last Pass, which checks your email against the breached data: https://lastpass.com/adobe/

The added feature is that, if your email is in the list, Last Pass will share with you how many others had your same password -- and the list of all password hints associated with that password. If more than a handful of others used the same password, that should jog your memory about which you used.

P.S. I'm not associated with Last Pass and actually use a different product. But I found this site very helpful.

This is beautiful. Thank you so much. I'd been getting really frustrated not knowing which passwords I'd needed to change but my hint was enough!

You can just torrent users.tar.gz (the leaked list of encrypted passwords) and then grep the file for your email address, which will give you the encrypted version of your password.

...which does not really help without the crypto-key - even if you know a list of possible passwords you cannot test them.

Well, funnily enough, if you know your password and it was in the leak, you can test it against your own password.

lastpass.com/adobe will show you the list of hints of yourself and other users that used the password.

Wonderful. sarcasm