There is no excuse: change of behavior shouldn't happen when installing security patches, specially if it's not mentioned anywhere in the patch release notes (which were reviewed by the GitHub team).
Okay, I get your point, they should have tested it, you're right, but saying that Rails is not the problem is kind of being in denial.
If it works fine and it breaks with a security update then it's the framework maintainer's fault.
A closer analogy would be if you were an airline and a technician from Boeing made some Boeing-recommended safety changes on a plane before it took off and then the engine blew up.
Sure, you should have had proper oversight of what said technician was doing but the bigger part of the blame is on Boeing for a faulty safety change.
Blame Rails, I'm fine with that. But it's not going to prevent a serious problem with the email sending script in the future. To do that, you need to write some tests.
Hmm, I don't think I want to start my next commercial airline business on Rails.