"1. Webs of trust, in some way that resists crowds of sockpuppets." we are already there... is just that the frog soup had a very steady hand at rising the temperature.
The other option is to use the X402 protocol to pay, every time you access a page you pay in cpu to calculate some shitcoin.
For a person, is just trading the time spent loading and displaying ads for paying the creator for their work.
But if you are scrapping you are now paying with cpu and electricity to see things and content creators are being paid.
Quick gripe-anecdote that occurred (again) just now: I have a technical question, the search-engine says it was discussed in a Reddit thread, so I go to Reddit, giving them my traffic and eyeballs just like they want... but the information is impossible to find because "new" Reddit hides/collapses 90% of the discussion by default and there's no way to tell which branch has what I need without manually clicking them all. (And them some of them will reload the entire page, erasing progress.)
So I have no sympathy for their whining about scraping when they spent already years making it painful for actual live organic humans to find anything.
> Which is what social media is/should/was about
I think our two imperfect approaches here are:
1. Webs of trust, in some way that resists crowds of sockpuppets.
2. Some kind or proof of stake. Proof of anonymous-humanity is hard, proof of unique-humanity is creepy spy stuff, but "proof if you ban me it'll at least hurt a little" might be easier to achieve.