The kernel's RNG is seeded from a seed passed at boot.
As far as I can tell, that is only one piece of the puzzle. I think the bulk of the work is on the hypervisor side (KVM) to eliminate/stub out sources of randomness in HW, patch out RDRAND, etc
I had the exact same thought about Antithesis while reading this. I wonder if this could be used for concurrency bug hunting by setting up preconditions and grinding until failure to capture a bug you’re looking for.
Curious: how does Rewind deal with randomness?