you got nsaids, metamizole, acetoaminophen, duolexitine. And you got a couple of more that work for neuropathic pain. The biggest problem with nsaids is that they cause bleeding and kidney failure, ulcers hence can cause stomach cancer.

Here is a site you can use too see how most pharmaco therapy is lacking.

https://pain-calculator.com/calculators/osteoarthritis-pain/

Yes.

Very few painkillers that are not blood thinners. Paracetamol and canabinoids are a couple of rare exceptions.

My uncle broke his hip in his old age. He died shortly after because of the bleeding induced by painkillers.

Metamizol is banned in the US, so they've robbed themselves of that