It seems to me that LLMs help the most at the initial step of getting into some rabbit hole - when you're getting familiar with the jargon, so you can start reading some proper resources without being confused too much. The sooner you manage to move there, the better.
I was already knowledgeable enough in these topics to catch these, but some were dangerously subtle. Really, the only way to use LLMs to actually learn anything beyond trivial is to actively question everything it prints out and never move forward until you actually grasp the thing and can verify it. It still feels helpful to me to use it this way, but it's hard to tell how it compares to learning from a good and trustworthy resource in terms of efficiency. It's hard to unlearn something and try to learn it again another way to compare ;P