Transaction fees have a great variation depending on which contract the business has with banks or payment providers. It's not a set percentage for a country. For example a large retailer with a huge number of transactions per day will have a deal for the lowest fees possible, and then those fees differ if the card is credit or debit, national or foreign, and between standard or premium cards, and private or business cards.

If you have a job, your bank should give you a premium card and then you will get cash back instead of having to pay your bank. If your bank doesn't offer this, it's just a matter of switching to any European bank of your preference.