Yet it works, thanks to additional metadata, either in dynamic compiler which effectly does it in memory, throwing away execution paths with traps to redo when required, and with PGO like metadata for AOT compilation.

And since we are always wrong unless proven otherwise,

https://www.graalvm.org/jdk21/reference-manual/native-image/...

https://www.graalvm.org/latest/reference-manual/native-image...