I've not worked there for a while, but while I was there they did support employees who were campaigning to help folks. Basically it would work by some employee wanting to help some group that they cared about and the company would generally help them do that. So to use your example a jewish employee who might be trying to do outreach in an antisemtic environment (or country) would get support in the form of time off or use of company resources to help their program or use of a conference room to hold meetings with an outreach group Etc.

However, there were pretty clear boundaries. I did not see any White Supremacists activities or holocaust denial outreach sorts of things either being supported or tolerated. My feeling was they try to support the employee caveat the fine line between supporting an employee who has a cause and supporting the cause itself. Recall that there were Google employees participating in the Arab Spring uprisings, and while Google didn't come out and say "we support overthrowing corrupt regimes" they also didn't immediately fire any employee who was working to that end.

Of course when the press reports anything its less nuanced than what actually goes on inside the Google Plex. Sometimes that is for the best, sometimes not.