Europe (2): RIPE and Netnod AB. RIPE is Europe’s RIR, run as a conference by European ISPs. Netnod is a Swedish ISP.
Asia (1): Project WIDE, part of the Tokyo Institute of Technology.
US (9): Verisign, Cogent, NASA, US Department of Defense, US Army, the University of Maryland, ISC (as in the Bind9 people), ICANN itself, and the University of Southern California.
The last two seem to have some overlap and there is probably a lot of overlap between all of these organisations.
Verisign runs two root servers which is why the list has twelve entries but the root servers run from A to M.
It’s not, but it mostly is, and I wouldn’t be surprised if a lot of other centralised components — hardware, cables, numbering, protocols — were similarly organized.
You might want to have a look at the political history of Iran. lol
Who said america owned the internet? NK is american's enemy, america is in an active state of war with NK if you don't know. The korean war is active but in a cease fire situation.
I'll admit that "War" is a somewhat colloquial term nowadays, for better or worse.
tl;dr answer is "Eh, its not so simple." but you're right on a basic level.
No, the North Korean ballistic missiles have from my non-classified understanding a range of around 1000 to 3000 KM. The best-case scenario ranges that are sabre-rattled are certainly theoretical. They do not have ICBM capability and are not capable of launching an ICBM or exiting the Earth's atmosphere, but they do threaten Japan.
Strike capabilities reaching North Korea do indeed exist. All three legs of the nuclear triad may strike a North Korean target, but airplanes must sortie from the Pacific (leaving them vulnerable to detection, interception or suppression) or follow the course of a land-based ballistic missile strike which by necessity must pass over Russia, China, or maybe possibly India. Although there is no reason to think that an Indian airspace pass would be a feasible possibility in my view.
As you mention we do have ICBMs that are capable of striking basically and literally anywhere on the planet. This is not really enough, because those ICBMs must pass through many, many layers of enemy strategic defenses.
From a nuclear arms point of view, its likely that our longest range reach-out-and-touch-ya' weapon systems really need to carpet-bomb entire regions and cities to achieve their designed operational objective. In effect, we're going to lose too much accuracy as well as ordinance to shoot-downs, reducing our effectiveness in the vicinity to a near minimum. Minimum lethality is quite lethal, but considering a maniacal super-villain's armored bunker really and truly is what we need to begin constructing a realistic view of the challenges set forth here. This analysis completely disregards the possible side effect of poisoning Seoul, South Korea with nuclear fallout as well as triggering a chain reaction of thermonuclear retaliatory strikes in a horrific reprisal of the 1914 assassination of the Austro-Hungarian Prince Archduke Franz Ferdinand in Sarajevo.
In short, its in a tricky spot. Luckily, the most danger they (North Korea) pose is to local Pacific naval operations, intense cold-war era artillery bombardment of South Korea (Seoul) or the possibility of a regionally effective ballistic missile. In addition to these threats, they also pose cybersecurity, money laundering and counterfeiting risks and of course, their people are starving in a totalitarian hell-hole regime.
I hope that one day there is an end to the pointless suffering of the people who live in North Korea.
Hypocrisy and delusion are powerful weapons against the uninitiated, but we are initiated, aren’t we notepaf0x90?
WW2 never ended and Russia is still at war with Japan as they never signed a peace treaty.
https://www.rferl.org/a/russia-japan-peace-treaty-ukraine-in...
Just like in Vietnam, the stated goal was to replace the government - in this case, to remove the Taliban - that's why you created the Afghan National Army and their flimsy democracy. All told, the US has spent $8 trillion and several thousand young men on the GWOT. Once the US pulled out, the Taliban strolled back into Kabul.
$8 trillion will reduce the US debt by 25%, or pay off all student debt, or build 80 million $100k homes. Wasted, and the only thing you have to show for it is nothing tangible, except more vibrant terror groups, and immigrants flooding Europe. Meanwhile, 8k US veterans die by suicide yearly.
You had the firepower but failed to achieve your political goals. Just like in Vietnam, Iran, Syria, Laos, Cambodia, and more countries than I care to mention. While ruining the lives of innocent millions, of course.
So, you failed. Admitting it might be hard, but it will bring the US to a place of humility and help you avoid adventures like this going forward.
And to be pedantic, no you can't raze every sq. km of 652,860 km². Assuming, even just 1000 tons of explosives per km2, that's nearly 700 million tons of explosives. At $30k a ton, you'd be spending $21 trillion on enough explosives.
You are blaming the US for that?
Arbenz in Guatemala, Allende in Chile, etc.
Haiti: Historian Hans Schmidt notes that, “US Navy ships visited Haitian ports to ‘protect American lives and property’ in 1857, 1859, 1868, 1869, 1876, 1888, 1889, 1892, 1902, 1903, 1904, 1905, 1906, 1907, 1908, 1909, 1911, 1912, and 1913. Finally, tired of all those round trips, the U.S. occupied Haiti from 1915 to 1934."
Among others, in the 1980s, a Guatemalan military that received U.S. support carried out scorched earth campaigns that massacred upwards of 200,000 mostly indigenous people [1].
And that's before you count all the other American-trained and armed military juntas that systematically murdered, tortured, and raped millions of dissidents "leftists" with Uncle Sam's blessing.
Wikipedia has an entire page on it: go take a look. [2]
[1] https://repmcgovern.medium.com/decades-of-us-intervention-ha.... [2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_involvement_in_r...
Every leftist country will either be undermined secretly (Europe), will have fake elections to overcome this problem (Latin America), or endure another fascist coup.
In Europe this fascist US backed coups happened until the 70ies. Now the press is enough to vilify citizens and workers rights.
We gave up and left for political reasons. Any humiliation was self-inflicted.