> There are no easy ways to build abstractions so it's all annotation upon annotation or back to design patterns of composition / inheritance.

What are your top 3 abstractions that are hard or impossible in Java?

> Do not even get me started with Gradle/Maven where declaring a custom task is a mini project.

Agree on Maven, but the criticism I most often hear for Gradle is that it actually makes it too easy to define custom tasks (mainly from people who like the standardization provided by the stricter Maven guardrails).

> [...] anything can be null, no easy way for structured concurrency and everything is mutable. Top that with verbosity [...]

Maybe check back in a couple of years, many of these are in the process of being addressed!