The plausible paths for improvement are good governance, less corruption, and consistent government policies.

Africa doesn't lack natural and human resources (the most important) to develop. The problem is extremely bad governance and conflict that discourages long-term investments, causing economic stagnation.

Most of our leaders have no vision save for staying in power and reaping benefits for themselves. We also keep electing the same mediocre leaders due to tribal allegiances. A sad tale :(