DuckDB supports partial reading of Parquet files (also via HTTPS and S3) [1], so it can limit the scans to the required columns in the Parquet file. It can also perform filter pushdown, so querying data in S3 can be quite efficient.

Disclaimer: I work at DuckDB Labs.

[1] https://duckdb.org/docs/data/parquet/overview#partial-readin...