The most used one I've heard about is studying hypothermia because they took quite detailed notes on the different stages and how the body reacted.
I haven't been able to find that blog post again, but I often think about it and would love to bookmark it.
It's in a similar vein of ethical question to embryonic stem cell treatments, but certainly with very different aspects between them.
https://www.npr.org/sections/codeswitch/2019/02/20/695941323...
You’ll find these bad ideas never really die. Look and you’ll see it throughout time and location. Russia, Germany, the U.S., Japan. Tyranny isn’t something accidental, exotic or mysterious. People take their eye off the ball and get clobbered with it from time to time.
I’ll always argue we’re better off with a world war than tyranny, but the whole goddamn point of the UN Charter is to prevent both. The lesson was learned. It was written down. And we’re still fucking it up again.