Try writing a larger OCaml program and not using interface files. It definitely happens.

I've never used OCaml, so I'm curious to what exactly happens, and if language design can prevent that.

If I download a random project and delete the interface files, will that be enough to see issues, or is it something that happens when writing new code?

If you delete your interface files and then change the type used when calling a function it can cascade through your program and change the type of the function parameter. For this reason, I generally feel function level explicit types are a fair compromise. However, making that convention instead of required (so as to allow fast prototyping) is probably fine.

Just require it for public functions. Your own code can be as messy as you want unser the hood

> If the type system complains of an issue in other code after a local change, doesn't that mean that the other code indeed needs updating

The problem is when it doesn't complain but instead infers some different type that happens to match.