Everything Is a Linear Model

Re:Everything Is a Linear Model by whatshisface on Sunday February 18, 2024 @04:17PM (#39423456)

I disagree with the implication that linearity is an unnatural concept, it appears whenever the changes being studied are small relative to the key parameters that determine the system. Every system is linear for small perturbations. Even logic gates; in negative feedback they can form passable inverting amplifiers. In a place as big as the universe it is rather common for two things to be very different in scale and yet interacting.

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Re:Everything Is a Linear Model by waveBidder on Sunday February 18, 2024 @06:03PM (#39424427)

> Every system is linear for small perturbations.

every smooth system, sure, but even continuity is no guarantee of locally linearity.

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Re:Everything Is a Linear Model by whatshisface on Sunday February 18, 2024 @06:50PM (#39424774)

I've never actually seen a physical example of a system without a continuous first derivative. For example phase transitions, commonly touted as an example of discontinuity, don't actually occur until the matter has gone a bit over the point and a transition nucleates somewhere. The probability of a phase transition is a continuous function of temperature, with continuous derivatives.

I'm skeptical that discontinuities can exist because, if they did, they'd serve as infinitely powerful microscopes. If there's a discontinuity in nature, it must exist at absolute zero. I don't have a similarly good argument for continuous first derivatives but I do think it's interesting that there are no examples AFAIK.

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Re:Everything Is a Linear Model by blt on Sunday February 18, 2024 @07:19PM (#39424934)

Any physical system that makes/breaks contact, such as walking robots. Sure, the foot is not perfectly rigid and technically is a stiff spring. But from a computational perspective, problems still bear all the hallmarks of a discontinuous system such as requiring a very short integration step.

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Re:Everything Is a Linear Model by whatshisface on Sunday February 18, 2024 @08:21PM (#39425266)

Yes, that's another example of the discontinuity existing in an idealized model, but not real life.

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Re:Everything Is a Linear Model by fnordpiglet on Sunday February 18, 2024 @09:15PM (#39425576)

Quantized space is absolutely discontinuous, and tunneling is a discontinuous system. In fact assuming the universe is quantum it’s discontinuous in reality but the appearance is continuous. But these distinctions aren’t super useful unless you’re dealing with these sorts of effects. Continuity is the approximation, discontinuity is the reality. But depending on what’s useful we use the mathematics that help us.

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Re:Everything Is a Linear Model by whatshisface on Sunday February 18, 2024 @09:20PM (#39425607)

Tunneling currents are continuous in every parameter, although I admit that when you're dealing with particles you have continuous probability distributions with continuously varying means, rather than continua of matter. (But that should count, because all macroscopic variables are expectation values.)

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Re:Everything Is a Linear Model by fnordpiglet on Monday February 19, 2024 @12:21PM (#39432240)

Specifically at quantized space and time levels everything is discrete even distribution functions. There’s no sense in having a continuous spacial distribution sub Planck lengths.

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Re:Everything Is a Linear Model by aeonik on Sunday February 18, 2024 @07:27PM (#39424977)

If I wanted to understand and obtain your intuition about linearity, what would you recommend?

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Re:Everything Is a Linear Model by whatshisface on Sunday February 18, 2024 @10:00PM (#39425833)

I question how strongly I would recommend the years of working with it. :-)

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Re:Everything Is a Linear Model by aeonik on Monday February 19, 2024 @08:26AM (#39429486)

Like pure math? Engineering?

Study it in school?

There are a lot of linear problems that I'm interested in.

Do you use a computer algebra system?

Do you have a few books?

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Re:Everything Is a Linear Model by sebastianavina on Sunday February 18, 2024 @07:12PM (#39424895)

yeah, we use a lot of small linear systems to model a non linear system.

We just break the problem in small bananas because that's what we can solve, and then solve for those lil'bananas and call it done.

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Re:Everything Is a Linear Model by jakeinspace on Sunday February 18, 2024 @06:52PM (#39424791)

Isn’t the whole point of chaos sensitivity to initial conditions? Where the output even when minuscule differences varies wildly with input?

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Re:Everything Is a Linear Model by whatshisface on Sunday February 18, 2024 @06:55PM (#39424801)

In chaotic systems, time becomes one of the parameters that has to be small for a linear model to make predictions, but they are still linear for brief times.

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Re:Everything Is a Linear Model by szundi on Sunday February 18, 2024 @05:30PM (#39424158)

Interesting aspect to see the world from, thanks

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Re:Everything Is a Linear Model by notjoemama on Sunday February 18, 2024 @05:21PM (#39424080)

So, Lady Finger, not Cavendish. Got it.

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