It would be interesting to see if courts agree that training+transforming = copying.

If I paint a picture inspired by Starry Night(Van Gogh) - does that inherently infringe on the original? I looked at that painting, learned the characteristics, looked at other similar paintings and painted my own. I basically trained my brain. (and I mean the copyright, not the individual physical painting)

And I mean cases where I am not intentionally trying to recreate the original, but doing a derivative(aka inspired) work.

Because it's already settled that recreating the original from memory will infringe on copyright.