You are correct that this isn't a big issue. SLAAC addresses are generally changed fairly frequently by the OS.
You can change that, of course, and switch addresses every minute if you want to, but I do find the default a little high.
Identification to the level of IPv4 can still be done with IPv6 by using the /64 where you would previously take the /32, but with IPv6 you also get identifiers from within the network as well.
With how much IPv6 space is available, I'm not sure why SLAAC-based networks don't just assign different IP addresses to different use cases. I can see this becoming a problem on large company networks, but in home networks you could generate a random IPv6 address every hour for every website you visit and still never run out of address space.
Operating systems aren't exactly geared up for per-application outgoing IP addresses, and perhaps handling tens of thousands of IP addresses will bog down the kernel somehow, but in terms of privacy protection we could be doing a lot more than what IPv6 Privacy Extensions are doing right now.
What exactly is the problem with the privacy fixes that were put into IPv6? Why don't they work?