And sensing icing on an inlet isn’t as simple as you make it out to be.
Maybe this is overly optimistic, but I'm confident they could figure out something if they wanted to.
Matt Stoller wrote a compelling article asserting that the breakdown at Boeing resulted from the breakdown of the separation between their military and civilian divisions: https://www.thebignewsletter.com/p/the-coming-boeing-bailout
If you think about it, civilian standards must be way higher than military ones; you're talking about millions of people per year who can't bail out of a crashing plane.
MCAS is a reflection of their systems integration engineers not being the caliber and experience they need: it was obviously a defective design.
If they had done what they needed to do and designed a new plane from scratch, those people wouldn't be dead.
OR if they'd simply acknowledged the changed characteristics of the plane, struck deals with purchasers to subsidize training expenses, and let pilots fly it themselves... those people wouldn't be dead.
Boeing's recent behavior, as reported by this article, warrants further disgust and ought to be featured in the mainstream news.
Slap a temperature sensor on/in/near the heater
Monitor current through the heater for temperature coefficient response
Capacitive sensing of ice on the heater
A timer that shuts off the heater after some time and a buzzer to alert the crew
You could even have a thermal fuse with a manual time-limited override
Honestly there's so many easy ways to prevent thermal runaway that creating a situation where THE ENGINE FALLS OFF is inexcusably negligent.
My space heater has no less than three independent, redundant safeties. As does my clothes iron, my coffee pot, my slow cooker. It really is not that complicated.