There are already a solutions, it is called police, speed traps, fines, and license revocation. Not everything has to be done with preventative measures by a nanny state.
Having limits on things doesn't automatically make things a "nanny state". Don't argue like that. Is it a nanny-state that there are speed limits?
No, speed limits are fine. Its enforcing them with technological tools that are not under control of the citizen that is not fine.
Also, at least in my country, the code says that I am allowed to break the speed limit if there is a good enough reason (e.g. I am trying to escape from somebody that wants to kill me, I am bringing somebody urgently to the hospital because he may otherwise die).
For example one of my friends was born during the Oil Crisis of the 70s, and at the time car circulation was limited (odd plates one day, even plates the other). Both the parents had the "wrong" plate that day, but they decided to use the car anyway because it was an emergency. They got stopped by the police, and once understanding the issue, the police escorted them to the hospital with siren and lights.
How do you do that with externally imposed limit ? You don't (sorry your kid didn't make it, but that's the law) ? You prescribe a button that says "I'm in emergency" ? (no-one drunk enough will ever use it, I am sure, and neither will criminals using a stolen car).
Also in general there is the issue that in a healthy society most people will respect the law, and only a few break it. Putting restrictions on otherwise law-abiding citizens tells them the state doesn't trust them, and in the long term citizens will answer in kind.
edit: I will add that even if it were against the law, in some cases breaking the law and paying the consequences (paying fine, losing license) may still be worth it if it is an actual emergency.
Short bursts of acceleration may be required for evasion sometimes, even at high speeds, but you don't need to drive 160 km/h for more than a minute, and you won't be hitting the Autobahn if your car is sold in South America.
The other thing to realize is the people who go those sorts of speed also tend to modify their cars. They'll just push a new tune that removes the limit. So you still need traditional enforcement.
In reality it's a political problem. Here in the UK, certain right-wing media outlets and personalities are often complaining about the "War on Motorists" which is ironic as when you look at RTC data, it's the motorists that are massacring pedestrians and other road users.
What I want is something in cars that makes it impossible to go over X inside city bounds etc. The tech for knowing the speed limit isn't good enough yet to be used for limiting, but some kind of max limit in an area a bit over the highest speed limit would help a lot.
Electric scooters have geofencing and speed limiters. My drone has gps zones it wont fly. Electric bikes have speed limiters. But you can just take your car and blast 150+ down a residential street if you'd like. Just insane. It's a solved problem, just need enforcement.