Please see Figure 2 in the blog post https://stefan-marr.de/2023/10/ast-vs-bytecode-interpreters/... or Sec. 5.2 in the paper https://stefan-marr.de/papers/oopsla-larose-et-al-ast-vs-byt...

We report on results for both, with and without just-in-time compilation. The specific focus for this work was pure interpreter performance in the context of metacompilation systems, but before compilation had a chance to kick in.

You are free to disagree with the specific design choices of the AST and bytecode interpreters for SOM, but we put quite some effort in to have an as fair as possible comparison.