Lithium mining is more like the shale oil boom, when the US went from an net importer to a net exporter of fossil fuels, environmental damage be damned.
When it's for private industry's profit, the US is quite competent at eliminating any oversight of environmental and societal concerns.
https://www.consumerreports.org/water-contamination/how-frac...
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/article/frack...
https://www.propublica.org/article/scientific-study-links-fl...
https://www.inquirer.com/opinion/editorials/fracking-oil-gas...
Etc etc
Japan is not China either, yet Japan has little trouble building new bullet trains. We're building a new maglev train right now between Tokyo and Nagoya which should be finished before the decade is over, and 90% of the route is underground.
The US just doesn't really want to build high speed rail.
Are we sure US can anymore? Last I checked we couldn’t build a high speed rail despite spending billions of dollars and lots of time. I would not be so optimistic. Even for things as crucial as defense supply chain we can’t seem to figure out how to build things at scale.