Aren't books and a bottom of the barrel PC with internet access all you need to learn those? Why a Chromebook? NUC PCs are cheaper and it's easier to replace the mouse and keyboard that kids break.
Because teachers aren't sysadmins, because even if they were they aren't going to admin 30 different laptops that the students have installed god-knows-what on.
This solution has to be military grade in reliability and simplicity and unless/until someone develops a hardware certification programme, a meaningful long-term-support plan, a remote administration solution, a security focused browser and a hosted identity system, all in a package that costs ~$200 new then it's going to be CrOS.
Don't forget the marketing spend needed even if you did tick the above boxes.
No one is complaining that their text-books are not turing complete, just stop viewing these devices as general purpose machines and view them as the child-focused-appliances that they are. Like Teslas.