How, the functions might support dynamic dispatch or be overloaded based on types.

There's nothing that prevents me from implementing all of

    plus(Int, Int)
    plus(Int, Vec)
    plus(Int, Mat)
    plus(Vec, Vec)
    plus(Vec, Mat)
    plus(Mat, Mat)

and to know which `plus` is being dispatched, you need to know the types of both arguments, exactly the same as if `plus` is named `__add__` in python or `operator+` in C++.

Yes, overloading is bad (operator overloading is a kind of overloading).

How do you do math without overloading? I have ints, floats, bignums, vectors, matrices, complex numbers, and potentially fractions.

You want every operation to have a distinctly named version for each other numeric type?

Maybe you can reduce some of those, but you can't really have interfaces without some overloading.

Exactly the same thing with functions that happen to use funny characters.

Nah, there’s no spooky action at a distance when you don’t overload. You know concretely what code is running.

Have you ever heard of linkers?

Have you ever heard of potatoes? Neither of them help you tell at a glance which code is being dispatched to.