In the US there is still a big difference between being fired and being furloughed [1].
In the US there is a big difference between fired and laid off. Fired means for cause, and when asked the company will say "bad employee, you shouldn't hire them" fired also means you don't get unemployment as it is your fault you don't work there anymore (this varies from state to state). Laid off means you were an acceptable employee (or better), but the company just doesn't need someone to do your job anymore, when asked they will report you left in good standing, and since it isn't your fault that you don't have a job you get unemployment while looking for a new job.
Fired is so negatives that companies will rarely fire anyone. They prefer to ask you to quit - you still don't get unemployment pay (varies from state to state, but it is your fault you are not working). If this happens it is in your best interest - while it is now your fault you quit (and you cannot sue them for it - which is why they do it and a downside to keep in mind!) they will then report that you worked there in good standing until you left. In practice most companies only fire someone when they discover actions that would go to the police.
However in the UK firing someone is much easier than this. There are protections, and in some jobs (like the civil service) it can be difficult to fire, but that's not universally true.