Repeatedly digging up the same place is a relatively common real world scenario, such as when multiple utilities need to be installed or repaired on the same stretch of ground.

e.g. repairing a water main, then laying some underground electrical cables, then laying some fiber optic wire.

Due to inefficient coordination, country A may have the same patch of ground dug up and filled three times.

Whereas country B, more efficient, only has to dig once, do all the work, then fill it up once.

So country B records lower GDP but in fact ends up slightly wealthier.