In most cases, these things would work, but not here. Tried everything, nothing works except using a pre-modules-compiler.
In general, golang seems to work best with golang-only projects. As soon as there are other languages in the mix, like C++ here, things get very ugly very fast.
Ah, I think I misinterpreted what you meant by "nothing works anymore". I thought you were saying that no old Go projects were usable with new Go compilers. I believe you that this particular project may not work with the current toolchain.
If you just want to pretend modules never happened, then export GO111MODULE=off and use the latest Go compiler.