An army of people conscripted for 1 year for training; they are not sent to the war. Every man must serve for 1 year. There are also soldiers hired by contract and well paid for their service. They are sent to the war and they cannot refuse or break the contract. Sometimes they are called "professional army".

Army of conscripts is around 1-1.5 million soldiers; professional army was about 300 000 soldiers before invasion. It was not enough to win so there was a mobilization of about 400 000 (official numbers) and recruiting volunteers from prisoners.