The answer to the latter is unknown, given that we really have no idea what the sufficient conditions for consciousness are.

Edit: to be clear about my argument: I absolutely think we should be taking the risks of AI seriously, but those risks have to do with how humans will use the technology. Unfortunately, we're collectively bad at managing those kinds of risks, because it requires managing other humans with their own ideas and agendas.

That's exactly why claiming the risk comes from the technology itself seems so appealing to some people: if the risk is purely from the technology, then all we need to do is "shut it down", to quote Eliezer Luddkowsky writing in Time Magazine recently.