Usually the principle concern is temperature rather than sunlight, and the solution is greenhouses or similar structures.

These typically increase the growing season and permit crops to be started (e.g., seeding rooms or houses) or harvested before or after what would otherwise be a killing frost. With apparent increases in weather variability these might have increased applicability.

Low-Tech Magazine's Agriculture section includes numerous traditional such technologies.

<https://www.lowtechmagazine.com/agriculture/>