I appreciate that RAII is in C++ as well. RAII is an addition to C++. You can write valid C++ with memory leaks all over the place. This is the nature of being a superset of C. In Rust, there is no other way (outside of using unsafe). It is a language based around compile time memory safety. Segfaults and null pointers aren't extremely rare, they're extremely rare in modern C++ (which is a subset of all C++)

The borrow checker validates references as they are passed throughout your program. You can have either (many immutable references || one mutable references). This may seem simple but is key to the memory safety ideas. The usages of references are validated. Move semantics are checked at compile time.