I think it's screws at Ikea, B&Q, Wickes etc where you'll find Pozidrive is dominant.

The screws in computers don't have to deal with much so "Philips" is indicated. They are a few mm long and hold tin plate sheets together or hds in the case etc.

You can have say 120mm+ long woodscrews - No 10 with cruel cutting points and fancy low friction finishes. These beasts need a lot of driving and the extra hold that the additional cross gives really helps. My drill driver can easily wrench your wrist if you are not careful.

Beyond that you have things like concrete screws - 150mm long, 10mm wide. Drill a pilot hole first 8mm? wide and off you go. These use a hex head. I also have some whopper fasteners for things like sleepers that drive into wood with a hex head and need a shit load of torque. You soon learn to use your leg as a stop for things like that.

Torx n Pozi is everywhere in the UK - more so than Philips. Have a look in B&Q, Screwfix et al sometime!

I own an IT company and do quite a lot of DiY. I think Pozi is dominant in the UK for cross-headed screws.

Flat head screws had no problem with long screws in the 1800s when a human drove them in by hand. However with early automation in the 1930s there was an overtorque problem and so fasteners that couldn't handle the torque were developed.

Note that the blacksmith made screw drivers of the 1800s were hollow ground, or at least parallel. If you have a cheap modern flathead screwdriver it is probably tapered the wrong way and can't deliver enough torque. That is the fault of your screwdriver though, not the screw design.