The central repository is TCGA and dbGAP. It's pseudoanonymized but some datasets are restricted acces. When I worked for Google, we applied for access and downloaded the whole thing (petabytes) and then got an email from NCBI that we had to delete it all. Our idea was that we could serve a copy of it "for free" for researchers (internal to Google or external) to use in the cloud (without having to redownload it). This morphed a bit and became Public Datasets with User-Pays access. And AWS hosts it as well. Far more people use the data on AWS than anywhere else.